Repair And Fix it

The most recent use of a 4.9-liter engine in Ford vehicle is in F-150 pickup trucks made from 1987 to 1996. This is a six cylinder gasoline engine, which requires the fuel injectors to deliver fuel to the engine under high pressure. The installation of a new fuel injector for a 4.9-liter Ford engine requires you to remove the entire fuel rail assembly. This procedure is generally the same for all Ford trucks with a 4.9-liter engine made since 1987.

Instructions

1

Disconnect the cable on the negative battery terminal with a socket wrench to reduce the possibility of a spark while replacing the fuel injectors. Open the filler cap on the fuel tank to relieve the pressure in the tank. Remove the cap for the fuel pressure relief valve on the fuel line and connect MFI Pressure Gauge T80L-9974-A to the valve. Open the pressure gauge to relieve the pressure in the fuel lines and replace the valve cap.

2

Disconnect the upper intake manifold assembly from the engine with a socket wrench. Remove the mounting bolts for the fuel rail and disconnect the fuel rail from the engine. Unplug the electrical connector for each fuel injector.

3

Rock the fuel injector back and forth as you pull up to remove the fuel injector from the fuel rail. Remove and discard any damaged O-rings from the fuel injector.

4

Coat the new O-rings with clean engine oil and mount them to the new fuel injector. Install the new fuel injector into the fuel rail by gently rocking it back and forth.

5

Attach the electrical connectors for the fuel injectors, and install the fuel rail with the socket wrench. Replace the upper intake manifold and connect the cable to the negative battery terminal.

Toyota Rav4s have two catalytic converters. The front one is bolted directly to the manifold in the front of the exhaust system and the second one bolts directly to that. In most cases, the converter that fails will be the rear converter. Converters fail after a while clogging, breaking down internally (which is a result of clogging and overheating), and have inlet or outlet pipes that crack or leak exhaust. Having to replace them requires experience.

Instructions

How to Replace a Toyota Rav 4 Front Catalytic Converter

1

Put the Toyota Rav4 on a car lift and bring all the way up. Put all the listed tools into the tool cart and wheel it near you where its out of the way but where you can access the tools easily. To remove the five nuts going to the manifold, set up the ratchet with a long extension, the swivel, and a socket. In some cases if the nuts are deteriorated, you may need to switch the socket for a nut extractor.

2

Put on the safety glasses and light the torch with the striker. Heat up the nuts with the torch, being caul not to heat the studs up as well. Its a tight area and youll have to know how to handle a torch and adjust the level of flame to be small enough to do the job but hot enough succeed. When the nut is cherry red in color, turn off the torch and remove it with the ratchet, extension, swivel, and socket or nut extractor. Carry on this procedure for the other four nuts.

3

Light the torch and cut the two or three bolts (some of the rear converters have a three-bolt inlet and some have two of the Rav4s) out of the rear flange. Cut them from the front converter side so you do not incur any damage to the rear converter. When the bolts are cut with the torch flush to the flange, turn off the torch, put on the safety gloves, and knock the rest of the bolt from the flange with a punch and hammer. Be ready to get out of the way or catch the front converter as it will drop out as soon as its free.

4

Allow the system to cool down. Install the top of the front converter with a new gasket to the manifold by threading on some new nuts by hand. Tighten them one at a time with the pneumatic gun, extension (either small or long), swivel, and socket until theyre tight.

5

Insert the gasket to the rear of the front converter flange connection and attach with the hardware (bolts, nuts, washers). Tighten with the gun, the small extension (if needed), swivel, and hold the head of the nuts in place with a hand wrench. Remove the cart and tools and any debris on the floor, lower the Rav4, and start it up to check for any possible exhaust leaks.

How to Replace a Toyota Rav 4 Rear Catalytic Converter

6

With the Rav4 raised on a lift, locate the oxygen sensor bolted to the rear converter. Follow the wire to the plug and separate it by unplugging it. You may need the screwdriver to press in the clip lock. As with the front converter, load the tools into the cart and have nearby.

7

Put on the safety glasses and light the torch with the striker. Cut the bolts from the front flange connection with the torch. Cut them from the rear converter side of the flange to avoid damage to the front converter flange. When the bolts are cut flush to the flange, turn off the torch and knock them out with a punch and hammer. Repeat this step for the rear converter to rear exhaust pipe flange. Be caul when the last bolt gets punched through. The converter will want to drop, but youll notice its still affixed to a rubber exhaust hanger. Remove the hook of the converter from the hanger.

8

Remove the bolts from the oxygen sensor studs. They may be deteriorated and you may need the extractor nuts to help you. Dont worry about the nuts or studs and damaging them. Youre going to replace the nuts and the studs are part of the converter. There will be new studs on the new converter. All you need is the oxygen sensor.

9

Insert the oxygen sensor into the new converter. Replace gasket (equipped with new converter) and nuts and tighten with the ratchet, extension, and a socket.

10

Place the hook on the new converter through the rubber hanger and attach the front flange to the front converter with gasket and hardware (bolts, washers, nuts). Attach the rear flange of the converter to the rear exhaust pipe flange with the gasket and hardware. Tighten the bolts and nuts with the gun, swivel, socket, and a hand wrench. Plug the oxygen sensor back into the plug. Remove the cart, tools, and any debris, lower the Rav4 and start the engine to check for any possible exhaust leaks.

You can read the trouble codes on your 94 Toyota 4-Runner from your home garage using a computerized handheld device known as an OBD scan tool. This tool can be purchased from your local auto parts retailer. The 4-Runner comes standard with an on-board diagnostics computer (OBD) that receives and stores trouble codes sent to it from sensors positioned throughout the vehicle. These sensors monitor all functions of the vehicle. Once these codes have been detected, the OBD computer illuminates a service or warning light on your instrument panel. You can read the codes yourself so you can pinpoint exactly what repairs need to be done.

Instructions

1

Find the OBD access port just left of the fuse panel cover on the drivers side dashboard. Plug the scan tool into this port, but do not force it in. If you force it, the pins could bend.

2

Put the key into the ignition and turn it to the "On" position, but do not crank the engine. This will power on most OBD scan tools. Note that scan tools vary depending on the manufacturer. Check your scan tools manual for exact instructions.

3

Wait for the scan tool to display "OK." Turn off the vehicle.

4

Press the "Menu" key on your scan tool and scroll through the menu using the arrow keys. Look for the "Stored Codes" option. Select this option. Wait while the scan tool displays the numerical trouble codes. Some scan tools will also display the diagnosis on the display, while others require that you look up the codes in the booklet that came with the scan tool.

5

Unplug the scan tool and have your vehicle repaired by a qualified mechanic.

Four-wheel drive vehicles receive torque from the engine in all four wheels at the same time. The original concept was to be able to maintain traction to either haul extra weight or drive in tough road conditions, or both. There are two modes of 4-wheel drives. The part-time mode is used for off-road driving or loose road surfaces. The driver is able to switch from 2-wheel drive to 4-wheel drive as needed. Full-time mode is used in all road conditions all of the time.

Differentials

The 4-wheel drive has a differential between the two front wheels and another between the back wheels. During a turn, all wheels are going at different speeds while at the same time, the inside wheels are following a different path than the outside wheels. The differentials allow front, back, left and right wheels to spin at different speeds during a turn by sending the power from the engine to the wheels. The differentials slow the transmissions rotational speed before it hits the wheels. In this manner it behaves as the last gear reduction of the vehicle.

Transfer Case

The transfer case is said to be the component that defines a vehicle as 4-wheel drive. This device splits power between all four axles on the vehicle. The transfer case is used to lock the front and rear axle drive shafts to force the wheels to have the same speed when they are turning. On part-time 4-wheel drive systems, transfer cases have an extra set of gears. These gears give a low range to the vehicle, providing extra torque.

Drive Shaft

Drive shafts enable the transfer case to transmit power from the drive to the front and back axles. The drive shafts are enclosed inside axle housings and transmit the drive to the tires. In part-time 4-wheel drive vehicles the drive is transmitted through the front axle drive only when the driver uses 4-wheel drive.

Locking Hubs

Every vehicles wheels are bolted to a hub. Part-time 4-wheel drive vehicles are equipped with locking hubs that are designed to disconnect front wheels from the front differential when 4-wheel drive is not engaged. The locking hubs also disconnect the front wheels from the drive shaft when a car is in 2-wheel drive.

Electronics

Electronically controlled clutches are used on some 4-wheel drive vehicles. This type of clutch controls torque transfer between the tires in a much more effective manner than older clutch mechanisms. Many 4-wheel drive systems use Anti Lock Brake Systems (ABS). The ABS systems provide brake-traction control when the tires begin to skid.

An illuminated traction control light in a 2001 Jaguar 4.0 is an indication that the ABS computer detects a problem with the traction control or anti-lock braking system. This could represent a current problem or a previous problem that has yet to be cleared from the ABS computers memory. An illuminated traction control light will remain on until the ABS computers memory is cleared and reset. In order to clear the computers memory and turn off the traction control light, a connection must be established between the ABS computer and an automotive scan tool. Once a connection is established, the memory can be cleared and the light will turn off automatically.

Instructions

1

Rotate the ignition switch to the OFF position in order to turn off the engine.

2

Locate the Jaguars diagnostic communications interface port, or DCIP. The DCIP is mounted just out of side, underneath the dashboard, below the steering wheel. The port has 16 connection pins and is the male end that connects to the female end of the scan tool.

3

Connect the female end of the scan tool to the male DCIP and turn the ignition switch to the ON position, then power on the scan tool.

4

Enter the make, model and year of your vehicle when prompted by the scan tool. Search the menus using the navigation keys on the scan tool and enter the ABS computer menu. Choose the option to read the trouble codes from the ABS computers memory. Write down the trouble codes that display on the screen. These alphanumeric codes have a very high diagnostic value and can explain why the code was triggered, should the light re-illuminate once the codes are cleared.

5

Choose the option to clear the codes from the computers memory. Once the memory is clear, the scan tool will indicate this on the main screen. Disconnect the tool and start the Jaguars engine. Confirm that the traction control light is now off.

The Chevrolet Blazer was a mid-size sport utility vehicle made by General Motors from 1983 to 2005. The second generation of this model was in production from 1995 to 2005 and all of these vehicles were equipped with a six-cylinder 4.3-liter engine. Each cylinder of an engine has its own fuel injector, which delivers fuel and air in a precise sequence. You can replace an individual fuel injector on the 1997 Chevrolet Blazer.

Instructions

1

Remove the air cleaner with a socket wrench and disconnect the cable on the negative battery terminal. Open the filler cap for the fuel tank to relieve the pressure in the fuel tank.

2

Press the two tabs on the fuel injectors electrical connector together, and pull the electrical connector up to disconnect it from the fuel injector. Remove the cover for the fuel meter with a socket wrench and discard its gasket. Lift the fuel injector from the fuel meter carefully with a small pry bar.

3

Remove the small O-ring from the nozzle of the fuel injector. Detach the fuel filter from the fuel injector by carefully rotating the fuel filter back and forth. Remove the large O-ring and washer from the injector cavity of the fuel meter.

4

Apply a thin layer of transmission fluid to the small O-ring and push it onto the nozzle of the injector until it is flush against the fuel filter for the injector. Install the washer into the cavity of the fuel meter and apply transmission fluid to the large O-ring. Seat the large O-ring against the washer so that it is flush with the top of the fuel meter.

5

Align the raised lug on the base of the fuel injector with the notch in the cavity of the fuel meter. Press the fuel injector down firmly to ensure that it is fully seated. Install the cover for the fuel meter and its new gasket. Attach the electrical connector to the fuel injector. Start the engine and check for fuel leaks.